Policy/Regulatory

A generic White Paper on the rationale, benefits, cautions, processes and other issues relating to integrating DG onto utility networks. Clarifies the GET.Transform support program approach to DG. Can be customised and used to guide an approach to DG in specific countries.

The regulatory framework seeks to support sustained investment in renewable energy resources in Lesotho. It provides power producers framework guidelines and legal instruments; principles underlying determination of renewable energy tariffs, and the economic and financial model; standardised Power Purchase Agreements for renewable energy generation projects guidelines and legal instruments; and guidelines for the procurement of power.

Authours: Mercados for LEWA

The regulations concern procedures for obtaining a licence to generate, transmit, distribute, supply or import and export electricity from the Lesotho Electricity Authority.

The masterplan forecast’s outcomes of the current and planned policies in the energy system to the year 2034 and shows comparative scenario results that assume deployment of diverse technologies and measures to meet the country’s energy demand which the private sector can use in their plans.

Authours: Ministry of Natural Resources and Energy

The act regulates the generation, transmission, distribution and supply of electricity in Eswatini.

The act to reform and consolidate the law regulating the generation, transmission, distribution and supply of electricity and to provide for matters incidental thereto.

The document is based on the Energy Masterplan. It is a short-term (5-year) power sector generation plan, where two power generation technologies are prioritised i.e. solar and biomass.
Authour:by Energy System Planning (Pty) Ltd

This document seeks to reduce the investment requirements for independent producers adding power into the national grid, and to allow customers who generate their own energy to reduce their reliance on the grid, and to promote the production and use of sustainable renewable energy sources including in small scale projects. All renewable energy technologies are eligible for net metering. All distribution consumers are allowed to install net metered facilities. The document sets the regulatory framework on net metering, including carbon credits for consumers who self-generate energy.
Authour: Ministry of Mines and Energy

The Policy recognizes and discusses the issue of eradication of energy poverty mainly in rural areas.

The energy policy sets out the strategic direction of the country’s energy sector developments.

Model Business Case: Solar Photovoltaic (PV) for Commercial and Industrial Facilities
Authour: GET.invest

A set of standards that ensure safe electrical installation work relating to embedded generation activities. The standards are legally enforcable and ensure uniformity by stakeholders within the Namibian ESI.
Author: Shootecc Engineering CC

Seeks to address barriers to energy generation development and IPP growth to enable a successful transition of Eswatini’s energy matrix towards sustainable energy sources and to open the market to the private sector in a controlled way via IPPs.
Authour: USAID Southern Africa

This document legally establishes technical and other requirements for the connection to and use of an electrical utility in a manner that will ensure reliable, efficient, and safe operation.

These are the set of rules which define conditions for accessing the electricity grid.

Grid codes provide the rules for the power system and energy market operation, ensuring operational stability, security of supply and well-functioning wholesale markets. A set of grid codes can include, for instance, connection codes, operating codes, planning codes, market codes. This report provides guidance to regulators, policy makers, system operators and other stakeholders on how grid connection codes should be developed and implemented. It considers the country context with a view to enabling a higher share of VRE in the power system (IRENA).

The objects and principles of this act are to amend the Electricity Act, Cap. 145. The proposal to amend the Electricity Act, Cap. 145 was intended to remove inconsistencies in the law introduce flexibility in its implementation and to streamline operations of the electricity sector.

This Regulatory Guidebook offers practical guidance to adapt regulatory frameworks so that they maximize the benefits to society of growing use of distributed energy (DE), and to allow regulatory reforms to be realistically implemented in Africa.

The report is a summarised version of a study which provides an overview of the characteristics of the Indian power system and its problems with regard to a large-scale rooftop PV rollout, as well as a template for distribution companies on how to deal with rising PV shares, which studies to conduct and which technology options to select.
Authour:Thomas Ackermann, Eckehard Tröster, Peter-Philipp Schierhorn, Bharadwaj Narasimhan, Jan-David Schmidt and Dwipen Boruah

This paper addresses the need to define all important aspects of self-consumption with the focus on commercial issues and avoidance of cross-subsidization among consumer’s groups.  A primary goal of this paper is to recognize all important aspects that need to be regulated to make prosumers concept fully effective in practice. Where possible it provides recommendations that can be used as a good practice for policy makers in the European Union Energy Community countries (ECDSO-E Working Group, EU).

This report is the first in a series called “From Sun to Roof to Grid” dealing with distributed photovoltaics.  It targets policy makers, regulators and utilities—and provides a menu of ideas, approaches, and examples to resolve challenges to the deployment of DG and realize the benefits it can bring (World Bank Energy Sector Management Assistance Program – ESMAP).

This short report defines compensation mechanisms for grid connected, behind-the-meter distributed generation (DG) systems as instruments that comprise three core elements: (1) metering & billing arrangements, (2) sell rate design, and (3) retail rate design. This report describes metering & billing arrangements, with some limited discussion of sell rate design. We detail the three possible arrangements for metering & billing of DG: net energy metering (NEM); buy all, sell all; and net billing.
Authors:
Owen Zinaman, Alexandra Aznar, Carl Linvill, Naim Darghouth, Timon Dubbeling, and Emanuele Bianco

This study covers the “net metering” mechanism in which a self-generating customer can inject the surplus into the grid and receive compensation for each kWh injected. From data collection done in a selection of countries and literature review, an inventory of best practices is presented. (International Energy Agency Photovoltaic Power Programme).

This brief sets out the policy approaches that will help promote the effective integration of behind-the-meter Distributed Energy Resources. It highlights best practices from around the world to allow the full potential of DERs to be tapped (Regulatory Assistance Programme)

The following document is the final report of the study on ‘Permissible PV penetration level in the Dominican distribution grids’ and supported by GIZ and the Dominican Ministry of Energy and Mines.
The study analyses the maximum PV penetration levels on a number of representatives, real distribution feeders in the Dominican Republic and provides recommendations to improve the current regulatory landscape for distributed generation.
Authors:
Leonard Hülsmann, Alice Turnell and Dr. Thomas Ackermann

Electricity Net Metering Rules for Tanzania (Govt of Tanzania)

Model net metering rules proposed for regulators in the USA (Interstate Renewable Energy Council, USA)

This brief presents key technical, interconnection and regulatory measures that should be considered to enable a smooth integration of renewable-based DG with high modularity and widespread installation in the distribution grid, such as PV and wind power plants.
Authors:
Leonard Hülsmann, Thomas Ackermann and Jan-David Schmidt

Covering final recommendations for developing the new Model Regulation for Grid-Connected Rooftop Photovoltaic (GRPV) in India after analysing inputs gathered from stakeholder consultation, international review and As-Is assessment of the current regulatory framework in India (World Bank-State Bank of India Grid-Connected Rooftop Photovoltaic Technical Assistance program).

How Energy Ministers can support cheaper, faster decarbonisation via distributed energy resources. Based on the Australian experience, recommendations are provided for unlocking distributed energy resources, including describing the necessary technical and regulatory frameworks (Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis).

The significant decrease of costs of small-scale renewable energy technologies creates new opportunities for electricity consumers to get involved in driving the energy transition. ‘Prosumer’’ refers to an electricity consumer that produces part of his/her electricity needs from his/her own power plant and uses the distribution network to inject excess production and to withdraw electricity when self-production is not sufficient to meet his/her own needs.

The Policy Guidelines summarize the findings and recommendations of the study: “Distributed Generation for Self-Consumption, Key Aspects and Recommendations of Good Practice” prepared under the cooperation platform of Energy Community Distribution System Operators (ECDSO-E), with a focus on recommended practice for small installation of “prosumers” connected to distribution network.

A guide for integrating grid-connected DG onto distribution networks, covering technical, regulatory, policy, financial and economic aspects thereof, and pointing to areas where support may be useful. Draws on international and African experience, and is relevant to utilities as well as technical assistance providers (GIZ as part of the GET.Transform Programme)

This informative report covers the technical and other considerations that Utilities and Regulators should consider in establishing a PV DG permitting process, drawing on a significant amount of DG experience around the world.

An agreement for the connection and billing reconciliation of DG to be entered into between the Utility and customer prior to commencement of DG generation. Can be customised as necessary by Utilities.

A form that can be customised and used by Utilities such that customers to apply for permission to connect DG.  The form collects the necessary information to enable the Utility to assess whether the DG can proceed to installation or not.